abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine the energy expenditure of a 1-h noncontact boxing training session and to compare these results with the energy expenditure of a more conventional recreational activity such as running. Eight healthy males, accustomed to noncontact boxing training, were recruited for the study. S...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bellinger B,St Clair Gibson A,Oelofse A,Oelofse R,Lambert M

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between elite endurance athlete (EEA) status and two restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) at the muscle-specific creatine kinase (CKMM) gene locus. Genomic DNA was extracted from white blood cells or lymphoblastoid cell lines of 124 unrelated Ca...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Rivera MA,Dionne FT,Wolfarth B,Chagnon M,Simoneau JA,Pérusse L,Boulay MR,Gagnon J,Song TM,Keul J,Bouchard C

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy and quality of a series of cycle ergometry tests used to estimate maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max). One-hundred nine males and 71 females participated in five tests: a maximal exercise test on the treadmill, three Air Force Cycle Ergometry Tests (AF1, AF2, AF3), a...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Lockwood PA,Yoder JE,Deuster PA

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We hypothesized that the structure of systemic arteries would be altered following 10-14 wk of hindlimb unloading (tail suspension) in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Tail suspension resulted in atrophy of the soleus muscle (P < or = 0.01) but no significant differences in the mass of the extensor digitorum muscle, heart,...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Chew HG Jr,Segal SS

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether competitive and recreational runners would replicate land training intensity during water immersion (WI) running with (V) and without (NV) a flotation vest and during treadmill running (Tm). Seven female competitive runners (CR) and seven female noncompetitive runners...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Gehring MM,Keller BA,Brehm BA

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of surgical and nonsurgical treatment of previously immobilized ankle fractures on voluntary and evoked contractile properties before and following fatigue. Twelve control and 12 previously immobilized (4-14 wk postfracture) internally fixated and nonfixated ankles w...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Behm DG,St-Pierre DM

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical fitness, lipids, and apolipoproteins in a cross-sectional study using a two-stage probability sample of the population of Northern Ireland. The main outcome measures were physical fitness using VO2max estimated by extrapolation from subma...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： MacAuley D,McCrum EE,Stott G,Evans AE,Duly E,Trinick TR,Sweeney K,Boreham CA

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine whether a 13C-bicarbonate, isotope dilution technique could be used to estimate relative changes in energy expenditure of leisure activities of short duration, we studied eight adolescents who performed the following activities: watching television (120 min); playing a stringed instrument (60 min plus 60 ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Horswill CA,Zipf WB,Kien CL

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study characterizes exercise-induced lipid peroxidation during graded aerobic exercise in seven healthy men and women (36.4 +/- 3 yr). Levels of ethane and pentane in expired breath during cardiopulmonary exercise stress testing were measured at rest, lactic acidosis threshold (LAT), maximal exercise (VO2max), an...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Leaf DA,Kleinman MT,Hamilton M,Barstow TJ

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reproducibility of the Bruce exercise test protocol for the determination of maximal aerobic activity was evaluated in sedentary older women. Seventeen women between the ages of 51 and 68 yr performed five maximal graded exercise tests to volitional fatigue on a treadmill. VO2max (mL.kg-1.min-1) values averaged 27...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Fielding RA,Frontera WR,Hughes VA,Fisher EC,Evans WJ

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on sports related spinal cord and nerve injuries, ranging from mild "stinger" syndrome to complete quadriplegia. Particular emphasis is placed on recommendations for return to competition after such injuries. Cervical spinal cord symptoms after a spine injury from contact sports require a more pre...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Cantu RC

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been suggested that television watching and physical activity are related to obesity. This association, however, has been investigated mainly in children. This study provided the opportunity to examine the relationship between television watching, physical activity, and body mass index in adult Pima Indians, a ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Fitzgerald SJ,Kriska AM,Pereira MA,de Courten MP

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anthropometric and demographic characteristics are important determinants of exercise performance in healthy subjects, but their influence has not yet been studied in severe chronic heart failure, although peak oxygen uptake is frequently assessed in such patients for prognostic purposes. The aim of the present analys...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Pardaens K,Vanhaecke J,Fagard RH

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The association between increasing age and decreasing vagal modulation is well known. However, the importance of fitness as a determinant of the decline in vagal modulation with age is not established. To test the hypothesis that decreasing vagal modulation is largely a function of declining fitness rather than increa...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Goldsmith RL,Bigger JT Jr,Bloomfield DM,Steinman RC

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endurance exercise training increases fat oxidation during large muscle mass exercise. Although the source of this fat has been thought to be plasma free fatty acids (FFA) released from adipose tissue, the training-induced decrease in lipolytic hormonal responses to exercise is not consistent with this concept. The pu...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Martin WH 3rd

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study compared the effects of exercise or TXB2 and beta-TG when evaluated by four methods: 1) not adjusted; 2) adjusted for plasma volume changes (PV); 3) standardized per 10(5) platelets (PC); 4) or both PC and PV (PC-PV). Blood was collected from 16 men (41.3 +/- 8.1 yr) at rest after 30 min of exercise (IPE) a...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Todd MK,Goldfarb AH,Burleson C

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied gastric and intestinal function by gastric intubation/intestinal perfusion in six healthy male volunteers to evaluate optimal use of a 6% glucose-electrolyte (GES) solution. Gastric volume, residual volume, emptying rate, and secretion were measured for an initial 763 +/- 19 ml gastric load of GES and at th...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Duchman SM,Ryan AJ,Schedl HP,Summers RW,Bleiler TL,Gisolfi CV

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endurance performance is a common criterion used to evaluate training or dietary interventions. However, to accurately appraise the effects of an intervention, the endurance performance measure must be reliable. The purpose of the investigation was to establish the reliability of a 1-h endurance performance test. Twen...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bishop D

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Facial cooling (FC) elicits a marked bradycardia at rest that appears to be reduced during exercise. This study was done to delineate the effects of exercise mediated central command from those of muscle afferent feedback and sympathetic stimulation on the attenuation of the bradycardic effect of FC during the onset o...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Smith JC,Stephens DP,Winchester PK,Williamson JW

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationships between individual performance and lactate exchange and removal abilities were studies in 12 male rowers all subjected to three measurements on a rowing ergometer. An incremental exercise carried out to determine the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and the corresponding maximal aerobic power (Pamax), ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Messonnier L,Freund H,Bourdin M,Belli A,Lacour JR

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Physiological variables must often be scaled for body size differences to permit meaningful comparisons between subjects or groups. This study aimed to determine the proper relationship between body dimensions and left ventricular mass (LVM) via allometric scaling (AS) in 142 subjects (78 males, 64 females; ages 18-40...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Batterham AM,George KP,Mullineaux DR

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To test a hypothesis that the differences in running performances between men and women narrow with increasing race distance, recent best running speeds (m.s-1) of 28 female ultramarathon runners over racing distances from 5 to 90 km were compared with those of male runners matched for 56 km race time, age and trainin...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bam J,Noakes TD,Juritz J,Dennis SC

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The main purpose of this study was to investigate metabolic changes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and to find out whether the statements on training intensity in the literature can also be applied to patients in rehabilitation. Twenty-four male patients, 16 wk (range: 11-21 wk) postoperative, volunte...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Petschnig R,Baron R

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study assessed body density (BD) in an ethnically diverse sample of women (African American, Caucasian, Mexican American and Native American) (N = 139) who were between 20 and 30 or 40 and 50 yr of age and of normal weight for their height. BD was assessed using three methods: hydrostatically determined density (...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Thomas KT,Keller CS,Holbert KE

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of physical exercise and vitamin C on iron absorption after oral iron administration was investigated. Eight healthy male subjects without iron deficiency were studied after administration of 100 mg ferric sodium citrate complex, 100 mg ferric sodium citrate complex with 200 mg ascorbic acid, and without ir...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Schmid A,Jakob E,Berg A,Russmann T,König D,Irmer M,Keul J

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estimates of muscular efficiency in competitive and recreational cyclists at similar work intensities and cycling frequencies were examined. Twelve healthy college-age male nonsmoker volunteers were grouped as either competitive (CC; N = 6) or recreational (RC; N = 6) cyclists based upon previous cycling experience. S...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Nickleberry BL Jr,Brooks GA

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is has been suggested that physical activity may increase bone mineral density (BMD) in children, thereby preventing development of osteoporosis later in life. We studied 14 gymnasts, 14 swimmers, and 17 controls to investigate whether participation in different types of sports among girls 7-9 yr of age is associat...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Cassell C,Benedict M,Specker B

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different volumes of high-intensity resistance training on isometric torque and muscle thickness. Training was conducted three times per week using one set (low volume, EX-1, N = 18) or three sets (high volume, EX-3, N = 20) of dynamic variable resistance exerc...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Starkey DB,Pollock ML,Ishida Y,Welsch MA,Brechue WF,Graves JE,Feigenbaum MS

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We suggest a mechanism by which blood volume changes might explain the hypotension that, after space flight, often accompanies the return to normal gravity. Upon entering microgravity, peripheral veins may collapse and, because of volume redistribution, raise the pressure in the central venous compartment. After some ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Tyberg JV,Hamilton DR

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gravity-dependency and age-dependency of noradrenergic vasoconstrictor outflow to skeletal muscle (muscle sympathetic nerve activity; MSNA) in humans was analyzed by applying microneurography technique. The basal level of MSNA in the horizontally supine position increased with aging without significant changes in ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Mano T

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy whole-body exercise, requiring a 10- to 15-fold increase in minute ventilation, encroaches on the capacities of the respiratory muscle system to respond. Recently, using the technique of bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation, it has been shown that heavy endurance exercise (> 85% of VO2max) lasting > 8-10 min caus...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Johnson BD,Aaron EA,Babcock MA,Dempsey JA

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychological consequences of exercise deprivation in habitual exercisers. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of 3 d of exercise deprivation on selected psychological variables. Ten volunteers (4 female and 6 male) who regularly exercised 6-7 d.wk-1 for at least 45 min at a time participat...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Mondin GW,Morgan WP,Piering PN,Stegner AJ,Stotesbery CL,Trine MR,Wu MY

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exercise represents the primary countermeasure used during spaceflight to maintain or restore maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max), musculoskeletal structure, and orthostatic function. However, no single exercise or combination of prescriptions has proven entirely effective in restoring cardiovascular and musculoskeletal...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Convertino VA

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The abdomen is the principal site of fat deposition in men, and because abdominal fat is readily mobilized during exercise, the relative proportion of fat in the abdominal site may negatively correlate with the amount of regular physical activity, and even with physical fitness. This study presents data for regional f...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Nindl BC,Friedl KE,Marchitelli LJ,Shippee RL,Thomas CD,Patton JF

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Running technique and economy (VO2submax) were examined before and after a 6-wk period of running training. Fifteen males were filmed and performed 10-min economy runs at 3.36 m.s-1 on a treadmill. An incremental treadmill test was used to record running performance and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Subjects we...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Lake MJ,Cavanagh PR

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This randomized study compared the fibrinolytic circadian rhythm of healthy older men and older women (average age 66 +/- 5), before and after 6 months of endurance training versus stretching controls. Compared with men, women at baseline had similar rhythms for tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity and plasmin...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Chandler WL,Schwartz RS,Stratton JR,Vitiello MV

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a cross-sectional study using a two-stage probability sample (N = 1,600) of the population of Northern Ireland, there was an inverse association between the highest recorded recent activity and total cholesterol (P < or = 0.01), LDL (P < or = 0.01), triglyceride (P < or = 0.05) and Chol:HDL ratio (P < or = 0.001) i...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： MacAuley D,McCrum EE,Stott G,Evans AE,Duly E,Trinick T,Sweeney K,Boreham CA

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A primary goal of studies of successful aging is to identify the modifiable factors related to the plasticity of higher physical function; however, little is known about the relationship between habitual physical activity (especially that of lower- to moderate-intensity) and the maintenance of day-to-day functioning i...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： DiPietro L

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of active recovery (AR) on plasma lactate concentration [La] and anaerobic power output as measured during repeated bouts of intense exercise (6 s) against increasing braking forces. Ten male subjects performed two randomly assigned exercise trials: one with a 5...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Ahmaidi S,Granier P,Taoutaou Z,Mercier J,Dubouchaud H,Prefaut C

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study examined the validity of selected bioelectrical impedance (BIA) equations for estimating percent fat (% fat) in males and compared their validity with that of a commonly used skinfold equation (Sum3). One-hundred twenty-two Caucasian males (X +/- SD = 12.5 +/- 5.8% fat, as determined by underwater we...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Eckerson JM,Stout JR,Housh TJ,Johnson GO

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00